Manna #2 is in response to two separate quandaries. I had a group of young people that wanted to know more about the Bible as a book. So I did some research and compiled some information to help them understand how the Bible came to be. The second was a question from a friend about how to choose a translation. They converge in this post and hopefully bring some clarity to some of you.
The Bible is God’s word. It’s one of the way he reveals himself to us. It’s important to know God and reading scripture is one of the best ways to get to know Him.
There is a lot of theological and scholarly information out there that explains the different ways God reveals himself to man and I will try to explain a few in the easiest language possible. (So, if you are already a theologian, please look further for your education).
God reveals himself through:
General Revelation: Through creation. The beauty, wonder, and complexity of the world he designed. This could also be our inner morality.(Psalm 19:1-4, Romans 1:19-20, Job 38:4-11, Romans 2:14-15).
1) Can you think of a part of creation that shows how great, powerful, wise, or beautiful God is? What do they show about God and how do they do it?
2) Have you ever noticed that little voice of your conscience within you warning you not to do something wrong or encouraging you to do what is right?
Special Revelation: God speaks. He reveals himself in special ways. I believe he can do this thought the Holy Spirit but largely he does it through his Word. God divinely inspired men to write his word so that we could know him and his plans. (2 Timothy 3:16-17, 1 Thessalonians 2:13, 2 Peter 1:20-21).
1) How important is it to believe the Bible is fully God’s word, even though it was written by Men?
2) If we believe the Bible is God’s word, what should our attitude toward it be?
What should we do with it?
The Bible is more than a book but a Library
~The bible is composed of 66 different books (Protestant Bible…more on this below)
39 Old Testament books, 27 New Testament books
Different Genres
Narrative/History
Law
Prophets/Prophecy
Poetry
Wisdom
Letters
~It was not compiled in a chronological order. (Some of the books overlap time periods in the narrative/story, the compilation is by genre for the most part, holding to some orderly time line.)
~The bible was written by 40 different authors.
~Written over the course of 1500 years.
~Written on 3 different continents.
The Bible covers time: 2000 years from Adam to 400 years before Jesus, Then the Birth of Jesus to 100 years after (Covering the birth of the church).
The Old Testament is considered the Hebrew Bible or Jewish Scriptures (as referred to in the New Testament).
~Was divided into Chapters 1200 AD (about 800 years ago)
~Divided into verses in the 1500’s
~Even though the Bible was written by 40 authors over the course of 1500 years on 3 continents in 3 different languages (Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek) there is incredible unity, with no contradictions of substance.
What does the Bible say about itself?
~Verbal Plenary=Inerrancy of Scripture as written in the original text.
~According to John 1:1 the words themselves are true not just the concepts.
Proverb 30----Sufficient (The word of God is sufficient for understanding God’s plan, and for salvation. While there may be depth and mysteries it communicates a message that is sufficient for us.)
Isaiah 55----Its Effective
Psalm 19----Its Perfect
Psalm 119----Its a Guide
John 17----Its True (Jesus tell us this!)
James 1----To be Obeyed
Luke 16----All we Need to Know God
Hebrews 4----Its Living and Active
Acts 17----Its a Standard-Measuring Rod on how to Live our lives
2 Timothy----Written by God through human authors
3800 times the bible says, “This is what God says!” (paraphrase)
How did we get the Bible/Library?
~It’s called a Canon, and the process of compiling the books included in the canon is called Canonization. The canon was compiled in totality in 367A.D.
~The Old Testament was accepted long before Jesus was born, but was confirmed because Jesus quoted or talked about every book in the Old Testament (It was his Bible).
~The early (first) church only accepted as scripture writings that were from the Apostles and within a time frame, no scripture written after John died was accepted.
The Apocrypha/Deuterocanonical: are writings (that are included in some bibles such as the Catholic bible) that were written between the testaments (intertestamental) but never accepted as scripture by the Jewish people even though they may have been seen as valuable (books of the church rather than scripture). Some were written much later than the first church, so they were not thought to be scripture. One indicator of the intertestamental writings as not being scripture is because they were not quoted or referred to by Jesus, and some of them contain themes that are not cohesive with the rest of scripture. I am not an expert in this area and refer you to this website for more specific details: https://www.christianity.com/wiki/bible/what-is-the-apocrypha-are-apocryphal-books-really-scripture.html
Translations: Bibles were translated from their original language so the common man could read the bible for himself. (Jesus worked from a translation-he used a Greek Bible that was originally written in Hebrew).
Then: Scribes would work tirelessly in groups to translate scripture. They would even go so far as counting words and letters, they were very meticulous.
Now: Our translations (even though there are many) are not translations of translations. They are translated from the original. The Bible is the most Peer/Scholarly reviewed document in history. (for example: The New International Version [NIV] translation group consisted of 15 Biblical Scholars using Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek texts, they worked with a team of over 100 scholars, and the translation took 10 years to complete. The focus is accuracy in producing a modern English language text. (99.5% accurate).
Many: There are many translations to choose from now, the same message is consistent but the vocabulary is different to make ease of reading or to be more specific for study. My favorite is the NIV (New International Version) for memorization and first choice for someone beginning to study. I would choose the NLT (New Living Translation) for reading or for younger people. I am currently using the HCSB (Holman Christian Standard Bible) just for a change. I want to add that there are many options for electronic Bibles for your devices. My favorite is the YouVersion App . You can access numerous translations at your fingertips, which can be helpful when trying to understand a certain passage. Look a verse up and read several translations to gain a full understanding of what is written. Just keep in mind that some are translated for readability and some are translated for serious study.